be동사 [부정문, 의문문]

■ 주어 + be동사(am,are,is/was,were) + not + 명사/형용사/전치사구[부정문]

: 주어 + am not / are not / is not + ~ → 현재 부정문
: 주어 + was not / were not + ~ → 과거 부정문


- I am not a teacher. (나는 선생님이 아니다.)

- I was not a teacher. (나는 선생님이 아니었다.)

- You are not alone. (너는 혼자가 아니다.)
- You were not alone. (너는 혼자가 아니었다.)

- We are not happy. (우리는 행복하지 않다.)
- We were not happy. (우리는 행복하지 않았다.)

- They are not at work. (그들은 회사에 없다.)
- They were not at work. (그들은 회사에 없었다.)

- She is not pretty. (그녀는 예쁘지 않다.)
- She was not pretty. (그녀는 예쁘지 않았다.)

- This movie is not fun. (이 영화는 재미있지 않다.)
- This movie was not fun. (이 영화는 재미있지 않았다.)


■ 주어 + be동사(am,are,is/was,were) + not 의 축약형

I am not → I'm not

You are not → You're not → You aren't
We are not → We're not → We aren't
They are not → They're not → They aren't

He is not → He's not → He isn't
She is not → She's not → She isn't
It is not → It's not → It isn't
This is not → This's not(축약불가) → This isn't
That is not → That's not → That isn't
Sherlock is not → Sherlock's not → Sherlock isn't

I was not → I wasn't

You were not → You weren't
We were not → We weren't
They were not → They weren't

He was not → He wasn't
She was not → She wasn't
It was not → It wasn't
This was not → This wasn't
That was not → That wasn't
Sherlock was not → Sherlock wasn't


■ be동사(am,are,is/was,were) + 주어 + 명사/형용사/전치사구[의문문]

: Am, Are, Is + 주어 + ~? → 현재 의문문
: Am, Are, Is + 주어 + not + ~? → 현재 부정 의문문
: Aren't, Isn't + 주어 + ~? → 현재 부정 의문문

: Was, Were + 주어 + ~? → 과거 의문문
: Was, Were + 주어 + not + ~? → 과거 부정 의문문
: Wasn't, Weren't + 주어 + ~? → 과거 부정 의문문

- I am pretty. (나는 예쁘다.)
- Am I pretty? (나 예뻐?)
- Am I not pretty? (나 예쁘지 않아?) = Aren't I pretty?

* I am not에서 am not을 축약할 수는 없지만, 의문문에서는 Aren't I로 쓸 수 있다.

- I was stupid. (나는 바보 같았다.)
- Was I stupid? (나 바보 같았어?)
- Wasn't I stupid? (나 바보 같지 않았어?)

- You are single. (너는 싱글(미혼)이다.)
- Are you single? (너 싱글이야?)
- Aren't you single? (너 싱글이지 않니?)

- They were there yesterday. (그들은 어제 거기에 있었다.)
- Were they there yesterday? (걔네 어제 거기에 있었어?)
- Weren't they there yesterday? (걔네 어제 거기에 있지 않았니?)

- Sherlock is handsome. (셜록은 잘생겼다.)
- Is Sherlock handsome? (셜록은 잘생겼어?)
- Isn't Sherlock handsome? (셜록 잘생기지 않았니?)