be동사 [현재형, 과거형]

■ 주어 + be동사(am,are,is) + 명사/형용사/전치사구[현재형]

- teacher(선생님) / happy(행복한) / here(여기에)

- be a teacher(선생님이다) / be happy(행복하다) / be here(여기에 있다)

- I be a teacher. → I am a teacher. (나는 선생님이다.)
- You be a teacher. → You are a teacher. (너는 선생님이다.)
- She be a teacher. → She is a teacher. (그녀는 선생님이다.)

- I be happy. → I am happy. (나는 행복하다.)
- We be happy. → We are happy. (우리는 행복하다.)
- He be happy. → He is happy. (그는 행복하다.)

- I be here. → I am here. (나는 여기에 있다.)
- They be here. → They are here. (그들은 여기에 있다.)
- Sherlock be here. → Sherlock is here. (셜록은 여기에 있다.)

* 앞의 주어에 따라 be동사가 am, are, is로 바뀐다

ⓐ I + am + 명사/형용사/전치사구

- I am John Watson.(명사_이름)
저는 존 왓슨입니다.

- I am a doctor.(명사_직업)
저는 의사입니다.

- I am cute.(형용사)
저는 귀엽습니다.

- I am in the hospital.(전치사구_장소)
저는 병원에 있습니다.


ⓑ You, We, They + are + 명사/형용사/전치사구

- You are an actor.(명사_직업)
당신은 배우입니다.

- We are handsome.(형용사)
우리는 잘생겼습니다.

- They are at home.(전치사구_장소)
그들은 집에 있습니다.


ⓒ He, She, It, This, That + is + 명사/형용사/전치사구

- He is Sherlock.(명사_이름)
그는 셜록입니다.

- Sherlock is a private detective.(명사_직업)
셜록은 사립 탐정입니다.

- This is a new car.(명사_사물)
이것은 새 차입니다.

- She is pretty.(형용사)
그녀는 예쁩니다.

- Sherlock is at Baker Street 221B.(전치사구_장소)
셜록은 베이커가 221B에 있습니다.


■ 주어+am/are/is의 축약형

I am → I'm

You are → You're
We are → We're
They are → They're

He is → He's
She is → She's
It is → It's
This is → This's(축약불가)
That is → That's
Sherlock is → Sherlock's


■ 주어 + be동사(was,were) + 명사/형용사/전치사구[과거형]

- teacher(선생님) / happy(행복한) / here(여기에)

- be a teacher(선생님이다) / be happy(행복하다) / be here(여기에 있다)

- I be a teacher → I was a teacher. (나는 선생님이었다.)
- You be a teacher. → You were a teacher. (너는 선생님이었다.)
- She be a teacher. → She was a teacher. (그녀는 선생님이었다.)

- I be happy. → I was happy. (나는 행복했다.)
- We be happy. → We were happy. (우리는 행복했다.)
- He be happy. → He was happy. (그는 행복했다.)

- I be here. → I was here. (나는 여기에 있었다.)
- They be here. → They were here. (그들은 여기에 있었다.)
- Sherlock be here. → Sherlock was here. (셜록은 여기에 있었다.)

* 앞의 주어에 따라 be동사가 was, were로 바뀐다.
(am, is → was / are → were로 바뀜.)

ⓐ I + was + 명사/형용사/전치사구
ⓑ You, We, They + were + 명사/형용사/전치사구
ⓒ He, She, It, This, That + was + 명사/형용사/전치사구